Difference Between Newtonian And Non-Newtonian fluid

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Fluids are substances that have the ability to flow and take the shape of their container. They can be divided into two main categories: liquids and gases. Within these categories, fluids can further be classified based on their viscosity, which is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow.

Newtonian fluids and Non-Newtonian fluids are two types of fluids that are classified based on their viscosity.

  1. Newtonian Fluids:

Newtonian fluids are fluids that obey the law of Newtonian viscosity, which states that the shear stress on a fluid is proportional to its rate of shear deformation. This means that the fluid exhibits a linear relationship between shear stress and shear rate. The viscosity of a Newtonian fluid is constant and does not change with the shear rate.

Water, alcohol, and many common liquids are examples of Newtonian fluids. These fluids have a constant viscosity and their behavior is well-predicted by the law of Newtonian viscosity. They flow smoothly and evenly and their flow rate is predictable based on the conditions of the fluid and the container it is in.

One of the main characteristics of Newtonian fluids is that their viscosity is constant, meaning it does not change with changes in the fluid's temperature or pressure. This constant viscosity allows for the use of simple mathematical models to describe the flow of Newtonian fluids, making them easier to understand and predict.

  1. Non-Newtonian Fluids:

Non-Newtonian fluids are fluids that do not obey the law of Newtonian viscosity. They exhibit a non-linear relationship between shear stress and shear rate. The viscosity of a Non-Newtonian fluid is not constant and changes with the shear rate.

Ketchup, honey, and cornstarch suspensions are examples of Non-Newtonian fluids. These fluids have a variable viscosity that changes based on the shear rate. This means that their flow rate can change based on the conditions of the fluid and the container it is in.

There are several types of Non-Newtonian fluids, including dilatant fluids, pseudoplastic fluids, and Bingham plastic fluids. Dilatant fluids are fluids that become thicker as the shear rate increases, while pseudoplastic fluids become thinner as the shear rate increases. Bingham plastic fluids have a yield stress, meaning they do not flow until a certain stress is applied.

One of the challenges of working with Non-Newtonian fluids is that their viscosity is not constant, making it difficult to predict their flow rate. However, understanding the behavior of Non-Newtonian fluids is important for a variety of applications, including food processing, pharmaceuticals, and industrial processes.

In conclusion, Newtonian and Non-Newtonian fluids are two types of fluids that are classified based on their viscosity. Newtonian fluids are fluids that obey the law of Newtonian viscosity and have a constant viscosity, while Non-Newtonian fluids do not obey the law of Newtonian viscosity and have a variable viscosity that changes with the shear rate. Understanding the behavior of these fluids is important for a variety of applications and industries.

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